Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Common Peroneal Nerve Injury Associated with Proximal Tibial and Fibular Fractures

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of common peroneal nerve injury associated with proximal tibial and fibular fractures and to assess factors influencing neurological recovery.

Methods: A clinical observational approach was applied to patients presenting with proximal tibial and fibular fractures associated with common peroneal nerve injury. Patients were assessed through detailed neurological examination and functional evaluation. Fracture patterns were classified using radiological imaging. Nerve injury severity was determined by clinical findings and electrophysiological studies. Treatment modalities included conservative management, surgical fixation, and nerve exploration when indicated. Functional outcomes were evaluated through motor recovery, sensory improvement, and gait restoration during follow up.

Results: Improvement in neurological function was observed in patients with incomplete nerve injury and early intervention. Better outcomes were associated with minimally displaced fractures and timely fracture stabilization. Patients with severe traction injury and complete nerve disruption demonstrated limited recovery. Functional independence improved in cases receiving structured rehabilitation and orthotic support. Delayed presentation and severe fracture displacement were associated with poor motor recovery and persistent foot drop.

Conclusion: Common peroneal nerve injury associated with proximal tibial and fibular fractures results in variable functional outcomes depending on severity of injury and timing of intervention. Early diagnosis and appropriate management improve neurological recovery and functional independence.

Keywords: Common peroneal nerve injury, proximal tibial fracture, fibular fracture, neurological recovery, functional outcome, foot drop.