Causes, Types and Management of Zygomatic Bone Fracture in Patients Presenting at Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Aim: To assess the frequency of different causes, types and management options of zygomatic bone fractures.

Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023 at Oral & Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. Seventy two zygomatic bone fracture patients were included meeting inclusion & exclusion criteria after complete clinical & radiological examination.Patient's demographic data, cause, type of fracture and treatment modality executed were collected on a specially designed proforma. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Frequencies, percentages, mean ± standard deviation were taken.

Results: Male to female ratio was 3.8:1 with male predominance. Road traffic accident was the leading cause of zygomatic bone fractures (n= 43,60.6%)while Rowe & Kelly’s type IV (inward & posterior) Fracture was most common type of fracture(n=21, 29.2%). ORIF with Two-point fixation was the most common treatment modality executed(n=27,37.5 %).

Conclusion: Etiology varies due to geographic area, socio-economic status &degree of RTA. Type fracture depends upon  side of impact and Open reduction is modality of choice for the treatment of zygomatic bone fractures.

Keywords: Road traffic accidents (RTA);Open reduction & internal fixation (ORIF); zygomatic bone fracture.