Contrast Induce Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome: Differences in STEMI and NSTEMI

Abstract

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The incidence and risk factors for CIN in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing PCI are not well understood. In this prospective observational study, we enrolled 314 patients who underwent PCI for acute coronary syndrome at the cardiology department of KGMC MTI-HMC, Peshawar from June 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. The incidence of CIN was higher in patients with STEMI compared to those with NSTEMI (18.5% vs. 8.7%, p=0.036). Hypertension was found to be a significant risk factor for CIN (OR 3.36, 95% CI 1.49-7.57, p=0.003), but it did not fully explain the differential risk between the two groups. Our findings suggest that the underlying pathophysiology of STEMI and NSTEMI may play a role in the development of CIN. Further studies are needed to identify the contributing factors and potential interventions to reduce the risk of CIN in patients undergoing PCI for acute coronary syndrome.