Evaluation of Serum Procalcitonin and Other Kidney Function Test in Patients with Large Renal Stone

Abstract

Background: Renal stone disease is a main cause for acute kidney injury . Renal stone can damage the tubular epithelial cells, which can lead to functional loss of the renal parenchyma. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin . PCT levels are marker for determine if a patient has an infection , bacteria selectively aggregate to  crystal and that bacteria are associated with an increased number of crystal-crystal agglomerations. Bacteria-crystal aggregates bind to the tubular epithelium resulting in expression of stone matrix proteins in either renal tubular epithelium or inflammatory cells.

Objective: To estimate serum procalcitonin (PCT) in  primary renal stone patients and compare it with secondary  renal stone group when renal stone size ≥ 1.5 cm.

Subjects, Materials and Methods: This Cross-sectional Study was designed incorporation  with college of Medicine , Mustansiriya university , chemistry and biochemistry Department  . Samples were taken from Al Yarmouk teaching hospital in Bagdad ,  urology department . A total number of  eighty eight (88)  patients  were registered  (44 male ) and  (44 female ) aged between (30-40) years. The total subjects were divided into two groups:Group I : Patients with Primary Renal Stone , Group II: Patients with Recurrent(secondary)  renal stone .

Results: Analysis of variance for serum PCT were significant , p ≤0.0001, indicating there were significant difference in serum PCT among renal stone size  in primary renal stone group and recurrent(secondary) renal stone group .

Conclusion: Serum procalcitonin increased significantly in patients with recurrent  renal stone disease ,therefore, it is considered as a predictor of kidney stone disease.

Keywords: Serum Procalcitonin ,  Primary Renal stone , Secondary Renal stone , Serum uric acid , and Serum Albumin