The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 as an Endocrine Regulator of Lipid Metabolism: From Progression to Pathophysiology and Physiology

Abstract

Objective: The primary aim of this research was to study the molecular history of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) as well as its physiological and pathological functions.

Study Design: Observational study

Place and Duration: This study was carried out at Hayatabad Medical Complex from December 2021 to April 2022

Methods: There were 77 patients of non-alcoholic fatty disease had age 20-65 years were presented in this study. After obtaining informed written consent details demographics were recorded. Diseases of all the patients were recorded and their relation with the FGF21 levels was observed. SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze all data. Mean standard deviation was use for categorical variables.

Results: There were 42 (54.5%) males and 35 (45.5%) females among all cases. Mean age of the patients was 40.11±8.74 years and had mean BMI 27.8±11.34 kg/m². Majority of the patients 31 (40.3%) had diabetes mellitus, 24 (31.2%) cases had renal failure, 20 (25.97%) cases had cardiovascular disease, mitochondrial disease in 17 (22.1%) cases, energy metabolism disorder in 15 (19.5%), lipid metabolism disorder in 13 (16.9%) and frequency of stroke was 9 (11.7%). We found significantly increased volume of FGF21 among diabetic obese cases which were resistant to insulin with p value <0.005.

Conclusion: Pathophysiological functions, potential risk factors, and diagnostic biomarkers for endocrine FGFs in adult metabolic and genetic diseases are all supported by the available evidence. Pharmaceutical research is being conducted on endocrine FGFs. These results provide insight on the pathological and physiological functions of endocrine FGFs and offer new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic disorders.

Keywords: FGF21, Lipid Metabolism, Pathaphysiology, Outcomes